Attempt these WAEC-style questions on your own, then reveal the answers to check yourself. Answers and explanations are provided.
Answer: B. Respiration is universal to all living things. Movement, chlorophyll and cell walls are not found in all organisms (e.g. plants move only parts; not all organisms photosynthesise or have cell walls).
Answer: C. Excretion removes waste produced by metabolism (urea, CO₂). Egestion is the removal of undigested food, not metabolic waste.
Answer: A. Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration, releasing energy. Chloroplasts trap light energy for photosynthesis; ribosomes make protein; the nucleus controls the cell.
Answer: B. Water moves from higher water concentration (dilute solution) to lower water concentration (concentrated solution).
Answer: B. Photosynthesis uses CO₂ and water to produce glucose and oxygen. Carbon dioxide and water are raw materials, not products.
Model answer (any four):
1. Plant cells have a cellulose cell wall; animal cells do not.
2. Plant cells contain chloroplasts; animal cells lack chloroplasts.
3. Plant cells have a large permanent vacuole; animal cells have small temporary vacuoles.
4. Plant cells are regular (rectangular); animal cells are irregular (round).
5. Plant cells store food as starch; animal cells store glycogen.
Answer: Diffusion is the movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
Examples: (i) oxygen diffusing from the alveoli of the lungs into the blood; (ii) carbon dioxide diffusing out of a leaf through the stomata during respiration.
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