Biology WAEC 2024 Past Questions (Objective & Theory)
Attempt this paper, then reveal the answers to mark yourself.
Section A — Objective
Question 1
The scientific name of an organism consists of its
A. Family and species
B. Order and genus
C. Genus and species
D. Class and order
Answer: C. Binomial nomenclature uses the genus (capitalised) and species (lower case), e.g. Homo sapiens.
Question 2
Which of the following is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
A. Nucleus
B. Mitochondrion
C. Chloroplast
D. Cell membrane
Answer: C. Chloroplasts (and cell walls) are present only in plant cells.
Question 3
The removal of undigested food from the body is called
A. Egestion
B. Excretion
C. Digestion
D. Absorption
Answer: A. Egestion removes undigested food. Excretion removes metabolic waste such as urea and carbon dioxide.
Question 4
A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring is called a
A. Genus
B. Family
C. Species
D. Class
Answer: C. A species is the group of organisms that interbreed to produce fertile offspring.
Question 5
The transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of a flower is called
A. Pollination
B. Fertilisation
C. Germination
D. Dispersal
Answer: A. Pollination is the transfer of pollen. Fertilisation is the later fusion of gametes.
Question 6
The component of blood responsible for clotting is
A. Red blood cells
B. White blood cells
C. Platelets
D. Plasma
Answer: C. Platelets help blood to clot. Red cells carry oxygen, white cells fight infection, plasma transports nutrients.
Section B — Theory
Question 1 — Theory
Describe two adaptations of the leaf for photosynthesis.
Model answer (any two):
1. Broad, flat shape provides a large surface area to absorb sunlight. 2. Stomata allow carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to leave. 3. Chloroplasts (containing chlorophyll) trap light energy. 4. Thin structure allows gases to diffuse quickly.
Question 2 — Theory
State the functions of (a) the stigma and (b) the ovary of a flower.
Answer: (a) The stigma receives pollen grains during pollination. (b) The ovary contains the ovules and develops into the fruit after fertilisation.
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